EFEKTIVITAS METODE PEMBELAJARAN IQRA' DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA AL-QUR'AN SANTRI TPQ DARUL KHAIRAT KABUPATEN MAROS

Abstract

This study aims to: (1) describe the use of the Iqra' learning method at TPQ Darul Khairat; (2) analyze the Al-Qur'an reading ability of TPQ Darul Khairat students; and (3) identify the factors affecting the effectiveness of the Iqra' method in improving students' Al-Qur'an reading ability. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach, located at TPQ Darul Khairat, Dusun Bontokappong, Desa Tukamasea, Kecamatan Bantimurung, Kabupaten Maros. Data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with the teacher and students, and documentation, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, with data validity tested through source, technique, and time triangulation. The results show that the Iqra' method was applied consistently by integrating its ten standard characteristics, supplemented by five innovative techniques developed by the teacher (Focus Point Technique, Tapping Cue, Listen-and-Correct, Red Light System, and Breathing Exercise). The students' Al-Qur'an reading ability showed positive development: students at lower levels (Iqra' 1-3) were fairly fluent in reading vocalized letters, while students at higher levels (Iqra' 4-6) had generally mastered basic articulation points and tajwid, although they still required reinforcement in the consistency of long-short pronunciation (mad) and fluency when encountering silent letters (sukun/qalqalah). Supporting factors include teacher competence, student enthusiasm, the availability of Iqra' books, and a strict evaluation system, while inhibiting factors include limited classroom space, a method conflict with traditional Baghdadi-style home tutors, irregular student attendance, a noisy learning environment, and the absence of visual teaching aids.

Keywords: Al-Qur'an reading ability, effectiveness, Iqra' method, learning effectiveness, TPQ.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan penggunaan metode pembelajaran Iqra' di TPQ Darul Khairat; (2) menganalisis kemampuan membaca Al-Qur'an santri TPQ Darul Khairat; dan (3) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas pembelajaran Iqra' dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca Al-Qur'an santri TPQ Darul Khairat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, berlokasi di TPQ Darul Khairat, Dusun Bontokappong, Desa Tukamasea, Kecamatan Bantimurung, Kabupaten Maros. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi langsung, wawancara mendalam dengan guru dan santri, serta dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman, dengan keabsahan data diuji melalui triangulasi sumber, teknik, dan waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode Iqra' diterapkan secara konsisten dengan mengintegrasikan kesepuluh karakteristik bakunya, dilengkapi lima teknik inovatif yang dikembangkan guru (Teknik Titik Fokus, Isyarat Ketukan, Simak-Koreksi, Sistem Lampu Merah, dan Latihan Nafas). Kemampuan membaca Al-Qur'an santri menunjukkan perkembangan positif: santri jilid awal (1-3) cukup lancar membaca huruf berharakat, sementara santri jilid tinggi (4-6) umumnya telah menguasai makharijul huruf dan tajwid dasar, meskipun masih memerlukan penguatan pada konsistensi panjang-pendek (mad) dan kelancaran saat bertemu huruf sukun/qalqalah. Faktor pendukung meliputi kompetensi guru, antusiasme santri, ketersediaan buku Iqra', dan sistem evaluasi yang ketat, sedangkan faktor penghambat meliputi keterbatasan ruang kelas, konflik metode dengan guru mengaji kampung yang menggunakan metode Baghdadi, ketidakhadiran santri yang tidak teratur, lingkungan belajar yang gaduh, dan ketiadaan alat peraga visual.

Kata Kunci: Efektivitas pembelajaran, kemampuan membaca Al-Qur'an, metode Iqra', TPQ.